Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) are both conditions that can occur in individuals with diabetes. Here are the symptoms associated with each:
Hypoglycemia Symptoms:
- Shakiness or trembling
- Sweating, clamminess
- Palpitations (rapid heartbeat)
- Hunger
- Irritability or moodiness
- Confusion or difficulty concentrating
- Weakness or fatigue
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Blurred vision
- Headache
- Nausea or stomach discomfort
- Anxiety or nervousness
- Tingling or numbness in lips, tongue, or fingers
- Difficulty speaking or slurred speech
- Severe hypoglycemia may lead to seizures, loss of consciousness, or coma if untreated.
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Hyperglycemia Symptoms:
- Increased thirst (polydipsia)
- Frequent urination (polyuria), particularly at night (nocturia)
- Fatigue or weakness
- Blurred vision
- Dry mouth
- Dry, itchy skin
- Headaches
- Increased hunger (polyphagia)
- Slow-healing wounds or sores
- Unexplained weight loss
- Nausea or vomiting (more common in severe hyperglycemia)
- Sweet or fruity-smelling breath (a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis, a complication of hyperglycemia)
- Difficulty concentrating
- Abdominal pain
- Confusion or disorientation
It's essential for individuals with diabetes to be aware of both hypo- and hyperglycemia symptoms and to take appropriate action to manage their blood sugar levels. Hypoglycemia requires immediate treatment with fast-acting carbohydrates, such as glucose tablets, juice, or candy, followed by a snack containing protein and carbohydrates to prevent rebound hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia may require adjustments to medication, increased hydration, and dietary modifications. If you experience severe or persistent symptoms of either condition, seek medical attention promptly.
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