High and low blood sugar levels can have serious implications for individuals with diabetes. Here are the typical ranges for high and low blood sugar levels:
High Blood Sugar (Hyperglycemia):
- High blood sugar, also known as hyperglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood is above the target range.
- The threshold for high blood sugar levels can vary depending on individual circumstances and recommendations from healthcare providers. However, generally, blood sugar levels above 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L) two hours after eating (postprandial) or above 130-140 mg/dL (7.2-7.8 mmol/L) before meals (preprandial) may be considered high.
- Symptoms of hyperglycemia may include increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow wound healing.
- Long-term complications of uncontrolled high blood sugar levels can include damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, vision problems, and nerve damage.
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Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia):
- Low blood sugar, or hypoglycemia, occurs when the level of glucose in the blood falls below the target range.
- The threshold for low blood sugar levels can vary depending on individual circumstances, such as age, diabetes type, and treatment regimen. However, generally, blood sugar levels below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) are considered hypoglycemic.
- Symptoms of hypoglycemia can vary but may include sweating, shakiness, dizziness, hunger, confusion, irritability, and rapid heartbeat.
- Severe hypoglycemia can lead to loss of consciousness, seizures, and coma if left untreated. It requires immediate treatment with a fast-acting source of glucose, such as glucose tablets or gel, fruit juice, or regular soda, followed by a longer-acting source of carbohydrates and protein.
It's important for individuals with diabetes to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly and work with their healthcare providers to establish target ranges based on their individual health status, treatment plan, and goals. Maintaining blood sugar levels within the target range through a combination of medication (if prescribed), diet, exercise, and lifestyle modifications is crucial for preventing complications and promoting overall health and well-being. If you experience persistent high or low blood sugar levels, it's essential to consult with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance and adjustments to your treatment plan.
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